Dyphylline: The “Untheophylline” Xanthine Bronchodilator

Bronchodilator actions of xanthine derivatives administered by inhalation in asthma.

The airway response to the inhalation of four alkyl xanthines was studied in 17 subjects with moderately severe asthma (mean FEV1 1.19 litres, 42% predicted). Theophylline (10 mg/ml), glycine theophyllinate (50 mg/ml), theophylline ethylenediamine (aminophylline 50 mg/ml), and diprophylline (125 mg/ml) were administered by nebulisation and the airway response was measured as percentage change f...

A simple, rapid micromethod for dyphylline.

Studies on alkyl-xanthine derivatives. II. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies of a new bronchodilator, 1-methyl-3-propylxanthine (MPX).

A new xanthine derivative bronchodilator, 1-methyl-3-propylxanthine (MPX), and 1-methyl-3-butylxanthine (MBX) were synthesized. We evaluated their relaxant effects on tracheal smooth muscle isolated from guinea pigs and pharmacokinetic characteristics in rats using 1,3-dimethylxanthine (theophylline, TPH) as the reference drug. Dose-dependent relaxant effects were observed in the concentration ...

Xanthine oxidase catalyzes the oxidation of hypoxanthine to xanthine and xanthine to uric acid as follows

The enzyme is well-suited to carry out the catalysis of these oxidative reactions, containing as it does four redox-active sites: molybdenum, flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) and a pair of iron-sulfur centers of the ferredoxin type (Fe2S2). The purine substrates interact with the enzyme at the molybdenum site of xanthine oxidase and oxygen at the flavin site. The two metabolic reactions above ...

The bronchodilator action of khellin.

This paper describes a preliminary investigation into the bronchodilator action of khellin in patients with clinical bronchospasm. Khellin is one of the active principles of the plant Ammi visnaga (Linn.), which grows wild in many eastern Mediterranean countries. Simple decoctions of its seeds have apparently been used by the local native populations for generations as a spasmolytic, in particu...